Applications & Functionality of Pressure Reducing Valves

Pressure reducing valves are critical components in water supply systems. They are installed immediately after the water meter or at the main supply line. Their primary function is to reduce the high incoming water pressure from the municipal supply to a lower, safer, and more consistent level before the water is distributed throughout a building.

Key Applications in Water Supply Systems

• Residential and Commercial Buildings: In high-rise buildings or residential complexes, PRVs help to prevent high pressure from damaging plumbing fixtures, pipes, and appliances. By regulating the pressure, they ensure that water flows at a consistent rate across all floors.

A single chamber pilot-operated PRV for waterworks, made from ductile iron, double flanged.

• Protection of Plumbing Infrastructure: PRVs protect pipes and other downstream components from the risks associated with excessive pressure, such as pipe bursts or accelerated wear and tear. This helps in extending the lifespan of the entire water distribution system.
• Energy and Water Efficiency: By controlling the water pressure, these valves contribute to water conservation efforts. Lower pressure reduces the water flow rate, which in turn minimizes water wastage. This also leads to energy savings, particularly in systems where water is heated, as less energy is required to heat a reduced volume of water.

Functionality

• Pressure Regulation: The main function of a PRV is to maintain a constant output pressure regardless of fluctuations in the incoming pressure. This is achieved through a spring-loaded diaphragm mechanism that automatically adjusts the valve opening based on the pressure differential.

Double chamber Y-pattern diaphragm-controlled pilot PRVs, PN16 DN150, supplied to Saudi Arabia.

• Flow Stabilization: By maintaining steady pressure, PRVs also stabilize the water flow rate. This is particularly important during periods of high demand or when the incoming supply pressure is highly variable.
• System Protection: The valve acts as a safeguard, ensuring that excessive pressure does not reach sensitive parts of the plumbing system. This protection minimizes the risk of damage to appliances, reduces noise from water hammer, and prevents premature aging of plumbing components.